Proper nouns
I just had to spend the last week teaching about nouns because that's what my curriculum called for, but we did not dwell on the subject. Some caught on right away, while others did not. I thought my students caught on best when I said that "proper nouns" that needed to be capitalized were usually "names". They already understood that a person's name is always capitalized, so I went off of that. When we talked about a "boy" or a "girl" it wasn't capitalized, but when we talked about them by name, we had to capitalize Bill or Mary, so-o-o-o-o when we talk about a "month", it's not capitalized, but when we call that month by it's "name" we have to capitalize it. The same thing with the days of the week, stae names, etc. If we are talking about a teacher or a principal, it's not capitalized, but when those words become the "name", they must be capitalized. We practiced by making up simple sentences that I wrote on the overhead showing common nouns & then proper nouns with both proper & improper capitalization. They had to decide if it was correct or not. This may not be the "hands on" idea you're looking for, but I thought the "name" idea may be a helpful approach.