I’d also say all of the above. A couple more:
Constantly-changing pet projects. One that comes to mind was from the late 1980s. The district spent a fortune on a project that involved every teacher receiving a thick binder. Our principal talked about this project endlessly, and we had to attend workshops. About a year later, it was abandoned and the thick binders were forgotten.
The next one I’m going to call the two-headed monster. It might not be common in small school districts, but we saw it all the time in my large district. In this scenario, there’s an administrator, usually someone above a building principal, who issues a directive. There will then be another administrator who issues a directive that contradicts the first one. The nonsense from competing directives once wasted several hours of my time, but that’s a long story for another time. Just before retiring, our superintendent and his top assistant superintendent were frequently not on the same page. Not surprising that both were looking for new jobs a couple years later.